A LISTING OF WOMEN CLOCK-, WATCH-, AND CASEMAKERS in Europe, America and Canada

ABBREVIATIONS & Source or Source Author:

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Abb - Henry G. Abbott
BAB - Blakeslee Account Book
Bai - Chris Bailey
Bee - C. C. Beeson
Ble - G. H. Baillie
Bri - Frederick James Britten
Bul - Bulletin, NAWCC
Bur - G. Edmond Burrows
Car - Lillian Baker Carlisle
Clu - Cecil Clutton
Con - Roy Conder
D&B - William Distin & Robert Bishop
DeV - Shirley Spaulding DeVoe
EDAB - Ephrain Downs Acc't Book
EWo - Edward J. Wood
Fen - Geraldine Fennell
Hal - Lawrence P. Hall # 205, Pg. 119
Ham - A. L. Haggar & L. F Miller
HAAB - Hopkins & Alfred Acc't Book
Har - Craig Hartley, #112, Pg. 461
Hod - Theodore Hodges
Hug - Richard Hughes
Lan - John E. Langdon

Loo - Brian Loomes
Nor - Martin Norgate
Pal - Brooks Palmer
Par - Charles S. Parsons
Pat - United States Patent Listing
Pea - Iorwerth C. Peate
Pear - Michael Pearson
Pen - John B. Penfold
PPr - Paul Parker
Pri - Phillip T. Priestley
Smi - John Smith
Spi - Spittler/Bailey
Stu - Susan Stuart
Tar - Tardy
Tay - Dr. Snowden Taylor
Tyl - E. J. Tyler
Var - Jane Varkaris
Wal - J.E.S. WalkeR
Woe - Edward J. Wood
Woo - Stacy B. C. Wood, Jr.
Wii - Ian White
Whi - James B. Whisker
WhW - Allen White

COUNTRIES:

Notes Coding:

AU - Austria
CA - Canada
DE - Denmark
FR - France
GB - England and Scotland
IR - Ireland
IT - Italy
SW - Switzerland
US - United States

app. - apprentice(d) (to)
CC - free of the Clock Company
CCF - Free of the Company
dir. - directory entry
f. - freedom of the company
l. c. - long case clock
n/d - no date or no data
patrim - freedom of patrimony
redemp - freedom upon payment of fine
t/o - apprentice taken over by

The compilation of this directory, by default, relies extensively on those lists published by other writers and compilers in the field. While the authority of any list compiled from secondary sources is always suspect, I feel it would be counter-productive in terms of time and effort to repeat the original research done by so many others, whether in this country, in Canada, or in Europe. I am unfortunately well aware that some of those original lists contain errors. In an attempt to reduce these errors to a minimum, every list available (See the Bibliography) has been reviewed, appropriate names extracted, a sub-list compiled from each list, and and this sub-list then merged into the master listing. In this manner, it has been possible to discover that a name assumed to be that of a woman has been identified in another list as a male, or that someone who was 'apprenticed', in all truth had actually been employed as a maid or as a servant.

The listings for the United States are taken from the standard repertoire of American lists, as well as extensive readings in the horological literature, and personal communications from fellow researchers. European listings are taken from those lists available to the compiler, when and as available, through the good offices of the Library of the National Association of Watch and Clock Collectors. The listings for Canada are taken from the work of Jane Varkaris and James E. Connell, John E. Langdon, G. Edmond Burrows, and the efforts of Chapter 33. In the course of this compilation, it is estimated that some 300, 000 names in different lists have been checked. In order to limit somewhat the hours of list-scanning needed, checking of different lists continued until a point of 'no further useful returns' was noted, i.e., scanning a new list did not produce any new names, and a new sub-list merely repeated many of those names already found.

My optometrist appreciates your interest.